Beweis der Grenzwertsätze


Für jeden der vier Konvergenznachweise geben wir ein ε>0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqyTduMaeyOpa4JaaGimaaaa@38D2@ vor.

1.  

Da a n a MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgkziUkaadggaaaa@3A4B@ , gibt es zu ε 2 >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacqaH1oqzaeaacaaIYaaaaiabg6da+iaaicdaaaa@399E@ ein n 1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaaaa@3B59@ , so dass | a n a|< ε 2   für alle  n n 1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFaiaadggadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGHsislcaWGHbGaaiiFaiabgYda8maalaaabaGaeqyTdugabaGaaGOmaaaacaqGMbGaaei=aiaabkhacaqGGaGaaeyyaiaabYgacaqGSbGaaeyzaiaad6gacqGHLjYScaWGUbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaigdaaeqaaaaa@4AFF@ . In ähnlicher Weise findet man ein n 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIYaaabeaakiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaaaa@3B5A@ , derart dass | b n b|< ε 2   für alle  n n 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFaiaadkgadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGHsislcaWGIbGaaiiFaiabgYda8maalaaabaGaeqyTdugabaGaaGOmaaaacaqGMbGaaei=aiaabkhacaqGGaGaaeyyaiaabYgacaqGSbGaaeyzaiaad6gacqGHLjYScaWGUbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaikdaaeqaaaaa@4B02@ .

Für alle n n 0 max{ n 1 , n 2 } MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBaiabgwMiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaGccqGH9aqpciGGTbGaaiyyaiaacIhacaGG7bGaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiaacYcacaWGUbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaikdaaeqaaOGaaiyFaaaa@4458@   gilt somit unter Verwendung der Dreiecksungleichung:

| a n + b n (a+b)|=| a n a+ b n b|| a n a|+| b n b|< ε 2 + ε 2 =ε. MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=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@64E3@


 
2.  

Hier ist der Beweis eine leichte Modifikation der gerade geführten Überlegungen.
 

3.  

Der Beweis des dritten Grenzwertsatzes ist aufwändiger. Zunächst beachte man dass ( a n ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiikaiaadggadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGGPaaaaa@3951@ als konvergente Folge auch beschränkt ist (siehe [5.5.1]), es gibt also ein s >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4CaiabgIGiolabl2riHoaaCaaaleqabaGaeyOpa4JaaGimaaaaaaa@3B44@ , so dass | a n |s  für alle  n MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFaiaadggadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGG8bGaeyizImQaam4CaiaabAgacaqG8dGaaeOCaiaabccacaqGHbGaaeiBaiaabYgacaqGLbGaamOBaiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaaaa@48CE@ .

Da a n a MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamyyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgkziUkaadggaaaa@3A4B@ , gibt es nun zu ε 2(|b|+1) >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacqaH1oqzaeaacaaIYaGaaiikaiaacYhacaWGIbGaaiiFaiabgUcaRiaaigdacaGGPaaaaiabg6da+iaaicdaaaa@3F7B@ ein n 1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaaaa@3B59@ , so dass

| a n a|< ε 2(|b|+1)   für alle  n n 1 . MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFaiaadggadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGHsislcaWGHbGaaiiFaiabgYda8maalaaabaGaeqyTdugabaGaaGOmaiaacIcacaGG8bGaamOyaiaacYhacqGHRaWkcaaIXaGaaiykaaaacaqGMbGaaei=aiaabkhacaqGGaGaaeyyaiaabYgacaqGSbGaaeyzaiaad6gacqGHLjYScaWGUbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaigdaaeqaaaaa@50DC@

Analog findet man zu ε 2s >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacqaH1oqzaeaacaaIYaGaam4CaaaacqGH+aGpcaaIWaaaaa@3A96@ ein n 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIYaaabeaakiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaaaa@3B5A@ mit

| b n b|< ε 2s   für alle  n n 2 . MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFaiaadkgadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGHsislcaWGIbGaaiiFaiabgYda8maalaaabaGaeqyTdugabaGaaGOmaiaadohaaaGaaeOzaiaabYpacaqGYbGaaeiiaiaabggacaqGSbGaaeiBaiaabwgacaWGUbGaeyyzImRaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIYaaabeaaaaa@4BFA@

Mit diesen Ungleichungen können wir nun für alle n n 0 max{ n 1 , n 2 } MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBaiabgwMiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaGccqGH9aqpciGGTbGaaiyyaiaacIhacaGG7bGaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiaacYcacaWGUbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaikdaaeqaaOGaaiyFaaaa@4458@   folgendermaßen abschätzen:

| a n b n ab|=| a n b n a n b+ a n bab| | a n ( b n b)|+|b( a n a)| =| a n || b n b|+|b|| a n a| s| b n b|+|b|| a n a| <s ε 2s +|b| ε 2(|b|+1) < ε 2 + ε 2 =ε. MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=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@B391@

Bei der letzten Abschätzung haben wir |b| |b|+1 <1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacaGG8bGaamOyaiaacYhaaeaacaGG8bGaamOyaiaacYhacqGHRaWkcaaIXaaaaiabgYda8iaaigdaaaa@3EA3@ benutzt. (Die etwas unmotiviert erscheinende Additon von 1 im Nenner dient übrigens nur dazu den möglichen Fall b=0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOyaiabg2da9iaaicdaaaa@3810@ zu beherrschen.)
 

4.  

Nach der Anmerkung auf der Hauptseite dürfen wir o.E. für alle n  b n 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgcMi5kaaicdaaaa@39FA@ annehmen. Ferner reicht es nur den Spezialfall

b n b 1 b n 1 b MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgkziUkaadkgacqGHshI3daWcaaqaaiaaigdaaeaacaWGIbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaaakiabgkziUoaalaaabaGaaGymaaqaaiaadkgaaaaaaa@4324@
[1]

zu zeigen. Mit dem dritten Grenzwertsatz ergibt sich daraus nämlich:   a n b n = 1 b n a n 1 b a= a b MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacaWGHbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaGcbaGaamOyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaaaaGccqGH9aqpdaWcaaqaaiaaigdaaeaacaWGIbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaaaakiabgwSixlaadggadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccqGHsgIRdaWcaaqaaiaaigdaaeaacaWGIbaaaiabgwSixlaadggacqGH9aqpdaWcaaqaaiaadggaaeaacaWGIbaaaaaa@4B84@ .

Nun zum Beweis von [1]. Zunächst finden wir ein n 1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaaaa@3B59@ , so dass

| b n |> |b| 2   für alle  n n 1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFaiaadkgadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGG8bGaeyOpa4ZaaSaaaeaacaGG8bGaamOyaiaacYhaaeaacaaIYaaaaiaabAgacaqG8dGaaeOCaiaabccacaqGHbGaaeiBaiaabYgacaqGLbGaamOBaiabgwMiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGymaaqabaaaaa@4A71@ ,
[2]

denn da b n b MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgkziUkaadkgaaaa@3A4D@ gibt es zu |b| 2 >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacaGG8bGaamOyaiaacYhaaeaacaaIYaaaaiabg6da+iaaicdaaaa@3ADE@ ein n 1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaaaa@3B59@ mit |b b n |< |b| 2   für alle  n n 1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFaiaadkgacqGHsislcaWGIbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaaiiFaiabgYda8maalaaabaGaaiiFaiaadkgacaGG8baabaGaaGOmaaaacaqGMbGaaei=aiaabkhacaqGGaGaaeyyaiaabYgacaqGSbGaaeyzaiaad6gacqGHLjYScaWGUbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaigdaaeqaaaaa@4C41@ . Mit der zweiten Dreiecksungleichung erhält man für diese n |b|| b n ||b b n |< |b| 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFaiaadkgacaGG8bGaeyOeI0IaaiiFaiaadkgadaWgaaWcbaGaamOBaaqabaGccaGG8bGaeyizImQaaiiFaiaadkgacqGHsislcaWGIbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaaiiFaiabgYda8maalaaabaGaaiiFaiaadkgacaGG8baabaGaaGOmaaaaaaa@499D@   und damit

|b| 2 = |b| |b| 2 <| b n |  für alle  n n 1 . MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacaGG8bGaamOyaiaacYhaaeaacaaIYaaaaiabg2da9iaacYhacaWGIbGaaiiFaiabgkHiTmaalaaabaGaaiiFaiaadkgacaGG8baabaGaaGOmaaaacqGH8aapcaGG8bGaamOyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiaacYhacaqGMbGaaei=aiaabkhacaqGGaGaaeyyaiaabYgacaqGSbGaaeyzaiaad6gacqGHLjYScaWGUbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaigdaaeqaaaaa@52FA@

Wir nutzen noch einmal die Konvergenz b n b MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOyamaaBaaaleaacaWGUbaabeaakiabgkziUkaadkgaaaa@3A4D@ aus und finden zu ε b 2 2 >0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaSaaaeaacqaH1oqzcaWGIbWaaWbaaSqabeaacaaIYaaaaaGcbaGaaGOmaaaacqGH+aGpcaaIWaaaaa@3B78@ ein n 2 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIYaaabeaakiabgIGiolablwriLoaaCaaaleqabaGaey4fIOcaaaaa@3B5A@ , so dass

|b b n |< ε b 2 2   für alle  n n 2 . MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaiiFaiaadkgacqGHsislcaWGIbWaaSbaaSqaaiaad6gaaeqaaOGaaiiFaiabgYda8maalaaabaGaeqyTduMaamOyamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGOmaaaaaOqaaiaaikdaaaGaaeOzaiaabYpacaqGYbGaaeiiaiaabggacaqGSbGaaeiBaiaabwgacaWGUbGaeyyzImRaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIYaaabeaaaaa@4CDC@
[3]

Mit [2] und [3] hat man nun für alle n n 0 max{ n 1 , n 2 } MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaamOBaiabgwMiZkaad6gadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaGccqGH9aqpciGGTbGaaiyyaiaacIhacaGG7bGaamOBamaaBaaaleaacaaIXaaabeaakiaacYcacaWGUbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaikdaaeqaaOGaaiyFaaaa@4458@  :

| 1 b n 1 b |=| b b n b n b | |b b n | |b| 2 |b| = 2|b b n | b 2 < 2ε b 2 2 b 2 =ε MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9Lq=Jc9vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=qqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=xfr=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@6DCF@ .